细菌内毒素的生物合成途径及分子结构多样性

Biosynthesis Pathway and Structure Variability of Bacterial Endotoxin

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-1689.2013.10.001

中文关键词: 革兰氏阴性菌 内毒素 脂多糖 疫苗佐剂

英文关键词: Gram-negative bacteria endotoxins lipopolysaccharide vaccine adjuvant

基金项目:国家973计划项目(2012CB725202);国家自然科学基金项目(31170069)

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中文摘要:

细菌内毒素,又名脂多糖,是构成大多数革兰氏阴性细菌外膜外层的主要成分。内毒素的合成途径相当复杂,涉及到几十个基因编码的酶。内毒素的合成起始于细胞质中,随着合成的进行,内毒素分子不断变大,并先后穿越细胞内膜、周质空间和外膜,最后定位于细胞表层。内毒素可以通过TLR4/MD2受体激活先天性免疫系统,可用于开发新的细菌疫苗和疫苗佐剂。

英文摘要:

Bacterial endotoxin,also known as lipopolysaccharide,forms the outer monolayer of the outer membrane in most Gram-negative bacteria. The biosynthesis pathway of endotoxin is complicated and evolves dozens of enzymes. The biosynthesis of endotoxin starts form the cytoplasmic surface of the inner membrane. During the process,the size of endotoxin molecule becomes bigger. Endotoxin is flipped to the outer surface of the inner membrane,crossed the periplasmic space and the outer membrane. Endotoxin could activate the innate immune system through TLR4/MD2,therefore,it could be used for developing new vaccines and adjuvants.

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