玛咖水溶性成分的抗疲劳活性研究

Anti-Fatigue Activity of Water-Soluble Components from Maca（Lepidium meyenii Walp.）

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-1689.2019.08.014

中文关键词: 玛咖 抗疲劳 苄基芥子油苷 多糖 水提物

英文关键词: Maca,anti-fatigue,benzylglucosinolate,polysaccharide,aqueous extract

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中文摘要:

利用负重游泳小鼠模型研究了玛咖中的主要水溶性活性成分玛咖多糖（MPS）和苄基芥子油苷（BG）的抗疲劳功能，通过测定小鼠负重游泳力竭时间、血乳酸（BLA）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶活力（SOD）、血尿素氮（BUN）和肝糖原（LG），分析比较了MPS高剂量组、MPS低剂量组、BG高剂量组、BG低剂量组、水提物组、MPS+BG组与生理盐水空白组和红景天提取物阳性对照组的抗疲劳功能。研究发现：与空白组相比，MPS和BG均可以显著延长小鼠负重游泳时间，降低血清BLA、BUN含量和LDH活力，并具有剂量效应；MPS可以显著提高小鼠LG储备，且MPS高剂量组比阳性对照组高出25%；各试验组均对负重游泳小鼠血清中的SOD活力和MDA无显著性影响，说明MPS和BG不能通过提高体内抗氧化活力而达到抗疲劳效果；玛咖水提物组和MPS+BG组的各指标均无显著性差异，根据其剂量设置可以确定玛咖水提物中的主要作用成分为MPS和BG。结果表明：玛咖的抗疲劳作用主要是通过减少乳酸堆积和增加肝糖原储备来实现的，BG和MPS都具有减少乳酸堆积的作用，MPS在提高负重游泳小鼠的LG储备的作用显著优于BG，MPS是玛咖水提物中提高LG储备的主要作用物质。

英文摘要:

To investigate the anti-fatigue activity of the water-soluble components，benzylglucosinolate（BG） and polysaccharide（MPS） from maca，in forced swimming mice. The anti-fatigue activity in mice was measured using the forced swimming test，along with the determination of blood lactate（BLA），urea nitrogen（BUN），malonaldehyde（MDA），lactic dehydrogenase（LDH） activity，superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity and liver glycogen（LG）. The mice were divided into 8 groups：high dose of MPS group，low dose of MPS group，aqueous extract of maca group，high dose of BG group，low dose of BG group，MPS+BG group，control group and positive control group. Both BG supplementation and MPS supplementation dose-dependently extended the swimming time and decreased the BLA，BUN，and LDH activity level in mice. MPS supplementation dose-dependently increased the LG level. The LG level of high dose of MPS group was 25% higher than that of positive control group. There was no significant difference in SOD activity and MDA content between each group，which implied that anti-fatigue activity of the water-soluble components from maca may not attribute to the antioxidant effect. Compared the maca aqueous extract group with BG+MPS group，no significant difference was observed in all the physical and biochemical parameters. Thus it indicates that the predominant anti-fatigue active components in maca aqueous extract are BG and MPS. The resuls indicated that the anti-fatigue activity of maca mainly attributed to the decreasing of BLA level and increasing of LG level；both MPS and BG could decrease the BLA level in vivo；MPS showed a better effect of increasing LG than BG；MPS was the predominate substance in maca anquous extract to increase the LG level.

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