干燥方法对木薯淀粉基碳气凝胶制备和吸附性能的影响

Influence of Drying Methods on Preparation and Adsorption Capacity of Cassava Starch-Based Carbon Aerogels

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-1689.2019.01.019

中文关键词: 木薯淀粉 碳气凝胶 冷冻干燥 比表面积 吸附能力

英文关键词: cassava starch,carbon aerogel,freeze drying,surface area,adsorption capacity

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中文摘要:

为研究干燥方法对淀粉基碳气凝胶的结构及吸附能力的影响，以木薯淀粉为碳源，采用常压干燥和冷冻干燥制备气凝胶，再将其高温碳化制备相应的碳气凝胶。利用红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和全自动物理/化学吸附仪对所制备的淀粉基气凝胶和碳气凝胶进行表征，并考察了淀粉基碳气凝胶对阳离子染料的吸附能力。研究结果表明，2种干燥方法制备的淀粉基气凝胶化学结构与晶体结构基本相同，但采用冷冻干燥制备的淀粉基气凝胶（SA-FD）成孔数量更多，所对应的淀粉基碳气凝胶（SCA-FD）具有更大的比较面积（887.4 m2/g）、孔容积（0.444 cm3/g）和更强的阳离子染料吸附能力，与常压干燥法相比更具优势。

英文摘要:

To study the influence of drying method on the structure and adsorption capacity of starch-based carbon aerosols，two types of aerogels were prepared by ambient pressure drying （AD） and freeze drying （FD） methods，using cassava starch as carbon source. Subsequently，two corresponding carbon aerogels were prepared by high temperature carbonization，using the obtained aerogels as precursors，respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy，X-ray Diffractometer，Scanning Electron Microscopy and Automatic Gas Sorption Analyzer were employed to evaluate starch-based aerogels （SAs） and carbon aerogels （SCAs），and the adsorption capacity of SCAs on cationic dyes was also studied. Results indicated that the chemical and crystalline structures of two SAs were identical. However，more pores were observed in SA prepared by freeze drying （SA-FD），and its corresponding SCA （SCA-FD） had lager surface area （887.4 m2/g） and pore volume （0.444 cm3/g），as well as stronger adsorption capacity on cationic dyes. It suggested that freeze drying was superior to ambient pressure drying.

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