利用顶空GC-MS技术对黄牛肝菌干品和蒸馏萃取得到的黄牛肝菌馏分中的挥发性成分进行了分析。从黄牛肝菌干品中鉴定出59种挥发性成分,占色谱流出峰总面积的相对质量分数为61.42%,主要为杂环类、酸类、酮类和酯类,主要成分有:戊酸、2,6-二甲基吡嗪、1-乙基-2-甲酰基吡咯、苯乙酮、苯甲醛、2,5-二甲基吡嗪、丙位戊内酯、2-乙基-(5或6)-甲基吡嗪和乙醇。从黄牛肝菌馏分中鉴定出46种挥发性成分,占色谱流出峰总面积的相对质量分数为55.25%,主要为酮类、醛类、酯类和醇类,主要成分有:苯乙酸甲酯、苯甲醛、1-辛烯-3-酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、苯乙酮、环辛醇和2-辛烯醛。微量芳香含硫化合物在黄牛肝菌馏分中有检出。样品在两种处理方式下鉴定得到16种相同组分,主要成分相对质量分数有显著差异。研究发现,干品分析得到的挥发性组分种类较馏分组分丰富,但蒸馏萃取对挥发性组分含量有富集作用。
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Volatile components in dried fruiting bodies of Boletus auripes Pk.and its fractions with steam distillation and extraction equipment were analyzed by head space analysis GC-MS.The results showed that 59 kinds of volatile components were identified in dried fruiting bodies and 46 kinds in fractions,with percentage contents 61.42% and 55.25% respectively,compared with the total chromatogram volatile constituents.Dried fruiting bodies volatile components mainly included heterocyclic compounds,acids,ketones and esters,and fractions contained ketones,aldehydes,esters and alcohols.The main volatile compounds in dried fruiting bodies were pentanoic acid,2,6-dimethylpyrazine,1-ethyl-2-formylpyrrole,acetophenone,benzaldehyde,2,5-dimethylpyrazine,dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone,2-ethyl-5-methylpyrazine and ethanol.The main volatile compounds in fractions were methyl phenylacetate,benzaldehyde,1-octen-3-one,1-octen-3-ol,acetophenone,cyclooctanol and oct-2-enal.Trace volatile components with sulfur atom were found in fractions.Sixteen kinds of volatile components with different content were found in both samples.More species of volatile components were found in dried fruiting bodies than in fractions,while the amounts of volatile components were higher in fractions than in dried fruiting bodies.
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