不同发酵度茶叶的主要理化及香气成分分析

Analysis of Main Physicochemistry and Aroma Components in Different Fermentation Degree of Tea

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-1689.2017.12.009

中文关键词: 茶叶 常规成分 活性成分 香气成分

英文关键词: tea,regular ingredients,active ingredients,aroma components

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中文摘要:

比较不同发酵度茶叶的理化及香气成分。测定绿茶、乌龙茶、红茶和藏茶的常规成分、活性成分；采用顶空固相微萃取（headspace solidphase micro-extraction，HS-SPME）结合气相色谱-质谱联用（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry，GC-MS）分析香气成分。4种茶样水分、灰分质量分数差异较小，绿茶水浸出物和蛋白质质量分数高于乌龙茶、红茶和藏茶，而粗纤维质量分数最低；红茶和藏茶中茶多酚和儿茶素的质量分数明显低于绿茶和乌龙茶，咖啡碱的质量分数稍高于绿茶和乌龙茶；绿茶中主要香气是醇类和烯烃类，红茶主要香气成分是酮类、醇类、酯类、醛类，藏茶中主要香气成分是酮类和酯类，乌龙茶中各香气成分检出量不多，分布相对平衡。

英文摘要:

To compare the main physicochemistry and aroma components in different fermentation degree of tea. The regular ingredients and active ingredients of green tea，Oolong tea，black tea and Tibet tea were determined；the aroma components were analyzed by headspace solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The moisture and ash content of four kinds of tea were almost similar，water-soluble matters and protein content of green tea were higher than those of Oolong tea，black tea and Tibet tea，on the other side，the crude fiber content is the lowest；the tea polyphenols and catechins contents of black tea and Tibet tea were lower obviously than those of green tea and Oolong tea，while caffeine content was slightly higher than green tea and Oolong tea；alcohols and olefins were the main aroma components of green tea，the main aroma components of black tea were ketones，alcohols，esters，aldehydes，and the main aroma components of Tibet tea wereketonesand esters，the aroma components content of Oolong tea not detected much and distributed balance relatively.

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